Document Splitting in SAP is a new feature. If you want the profit center, business area or segments to appear in line items which you have not entered while posting, then document splitting in SAP will populate line items with the selected characteristics even when such line items are not populated manually.
If you want to draw a Balance Sheet as per the selected characteristics then document splitting in SAP will ensure that line items are created to balance the debit and credit side for that characteristic.
Example: While posting a transaction through FB50 you are not required to enter the profit center for vendor line items as its automatically get derived from expenses account’s cost center or from the profit center that you update manually to the expenses account.
Document Splitting configuration path
IMG| Financial Accounting New | General Ledger Accounting New | Business Transactions | Document Splitting
When you follow the above path a list of document configuration steps will appear on your screen.
- Classify G/L Accounts for Splitting
- Classify Document Types for Splitting
- Define Zero-Balance Clearing Account
- Define Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting
- Edit Constants for Non assigned Processes
- Activate Splitting
Classify G/L Accounts for document Splitting
Document splitting in SAP recognizes how the Individual accounts are to be handled, for this you need to classify them
Classification done by mapping the,
- Revenue accounts
- Expense accounts
- Bank account/cash accounts
- Balance sheet accounts
With the following Item Categories:-
01000 | Balance Sheet Account |
01001 | Zero Balance Posting Account |
01100 | Company Code Clearing |
01300 | Cash Discount Clearing |
02000 | Customer |
03000 | Vendor |
04000 | Cash Account |
05100 | Taxes on sales/purchases |
05200 | Withholding Tax |
06000 | Material |
07000 | Asset |
20000 | Expenses |
30000 | Revenue |
40100 | Cash Discount |
40200 | Exchange rate difference |
80000 | Budget |
When you click on the Classify G/L Accounts for Document Splitting in SAP you will have an option of entering categories in combination of Account from and account to. Enter the relevant categories for the accounts.
Classify Document Types for Document Splitting in SAP
We will Map Document Types with a Business Transaction Variant. In each Business Transaction Variant certain set is allowed Item Categories are defined. The Item Categories in turn are mapped with the Accounts. So, when a document is posted, from Document Type, system recognizes the Business Transaction Variant & then it recognizes the Item Categories allowed in that Business Transaction Variant & applies the document splitting rules to the line items.
Define Zero-Balance Clearing Account
Here you define the Dummy GL for the additional line items generated to balance the Account Assignment Object [Business Area, Segment, and Profit Centeretc to zero.
Define Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting
In this step, you define for the characteristic like Business Area, ProfitCenter, Segment etc for which you want to perform document splitting in General Ledger Accounting.
The following settings are allowed:-
- Whether you want to apply a ‘Zero Balance Setting’ for the characteristic.
- Whether you want the characteristic to be a ‘Mandatory Field’.
- Whether you want to use a partner field to document a sender/receiver relationship in the clearing lines generated additionally in the document.
Edit Constants for Non assigned Processes
Suppose, you are entering a line item & you don’t have exact idea from which Business Area is the Document getting generated, when you don’t provide a Business Area in the line item of a document, the document could not be posted as you have defined the Business Area as the Mandatory field in the earlier step “Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting”.
In such a scenario, if you want the Business Area field to be populated by a constant, you have to define that constant here.
In the last step step you activate the document splitting function in SAP.
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