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What is Document Type in SAP – Relationship with Number Range

Last Modified on May 30, 2022 by Editorial Staff

Document types in SAP are defined to distinguish different business transactions. For example, transactions like customer payment and vendor credit memos are distinguished with two different document types in SAP to identify it in future.

Document types in SAP are defined at the client level. Standard SAP already contains some default document types for your use.

Also Read: What is Client in SAP – SAP System Environment

While posting a transaction, the type of document must be specified in the header section. By customizing the default document type in SAP against each transaction type you can relieve the user from keying in every time while posting a transaction.

document type in sap

Document type in SAP reflects different business transactions in the organization. Since it’s displayed for every line item, one can immediately find out the kind of business transactions that the user has entered in sap. It’s also used for evaluation purposes.

To differentiate business transactions you can specify each document type in SAP to a type of account that a particular transaction can use.

For example: document type AB allows posting to all accounts. All other document types limit the types of accounts that can be posted to. For example Document type DA, allows posting to customer (D) and G/L accounts (S) only. The various account types and descriptions are listed below.

Account TypeDescription
AAsset
DCustomer
KVendors
MMaterial
SGeneral Ledger Accounts

Document type and Number range relationship in SAP

Document Numbers, uniquely identifies every transaction within a fiscal year in a company code.

Number ranges for a document type in sap are used to define how numbers can be assigned to a transaction.

For every number range, the following things must be specified.

  • A two-character code
  • Period until when the number range is valid
  • An interval from which the numbers are chosen and
  • Whether the number range is used in internal or external number assignment

Intervals for number ranges must not overlap.

Since transactions are kept for an indefinite amount of time, one has to define intervals that are large enough to handle this factor. Following system features ensure that number intervals are large enough:

  • Number ranges can be defined for each company code. Thus, each company code can use the same number interval.
  • Numbers can be up to ten characters long.
  • Number ranges can be defined for each fiscal year.

All the number ranges will be Year Dependent. That means every year new number ranges have to be maintained in the system.

A number range is specified for each document type in SAP to generate a unique number which can be refereed always to track back the original transaction.

Each transaction number is selected from this number range. One number range can be used for several document types.

Followings are standard document types in SAP;

Document Types in SAPDescription for Document Types in SAP
AAAsset posting
ABAccounting doc
AEAccounting doc
AFDep. postings
ANNet asset posting
C1Closing GR/IR accts
CICustomer invoice
CPCustomer payment
DACustomer
DBCust.recurring entry
DECustomer invoice
DGCustomer credit memo
DRCustomer invoice
DZCustomer payment
EUConversion diff.Euro
EXExternal number
GFSubsequent adjustment
JEG/L account posting
KAVendor
KGVendor credit memo
KNNet vendors
KPAccount maintenance
KRVendor invoice
KZVendor payment
MLML settlement
NBVendor
PRPrice change
RASub.cred.memo stlmt
REGross inv. receipt
RFInvoice
RKGross inv. receipt
RNNet invoice receipt
RVBilling doc.transfer
SAG/L account
SBG/L account posting
SKReceipt f. cash pmnt
SUSubsequent debit doc.
VIVendor invoice
VPVendor payment
WAGoods issue
WEGoods receipt
WIInventory
WLGoods issue/delivery
WNNet goods receipt
X1Recurring entry doc.
X2Sample
ZAAsset post. Period
ZCClient Funds
ZFDep. postings
ZPPayment posting
ZVPayment clearing

You can use transaction code OBA7 or following path to define document types in SAP;

SPRO > Financial Accounting > General Ledger Accounting > Business Transaction > G/L Account Posting > Carry Out and Check document settings > define document type

To default a document type for transaction postings you can use transaction code OBU1 or following user path

SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Document > Line item > Default values for document posting > define document types and posting key

If you want, you can change and assign your own document type in SAP and the posting key to get defaulted while posting a transaction.

Note: SAP and SAP logo is a registered trademark of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries. We are not affiliated or related to any division or subsidiary of SAP AG.

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Filed Under: SAP FICO Module

About the Author

Editorial Staff at Yourfinancebook.com is a team of finance professionals. The team has more than a decade experience in taxation, stock market and personal finance.

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. TARUN SRIVASTAVA says

    April 12, 2016 at 11:43 am

    Hi …
    I need to do accounting entry in SAP for fixed deposit – Open / Close / Interest.
    Can you please suggest me DOCUMENT TYPE for posting these entries.

  2. Nitesh kumar dubey says

    May 21, 2015 at 7:59 am

    Really a exact explanation which helps a lot.

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